For recent old ages, the addition in universe oil monetary values has risen dramatically and lifting oil monetary values besides have an impact on our state. Therefore, coal monetary value in the universe besides addition. Gas and coal is one of the chief fuel to bring forth electricity, if addition fuel monetary value it besides will impact to bring forth electricity. Using energy salvaging device will cut down power ingestion and electricity coevals besides can be reduced.
Office edifice energy economy is one of the ways to cut down loss of energy in edifice in Malaysia. To better the energy efficiency of edifices demands to rational usage of energy and improves energy efficiency in guaranting the conditions of edifice comfort. Constructing energy-saving specifically refers to that In the edifice planning, design building, making execution of energy efficiency criterions, stuffs and merchandises, bettering the public presentation of thermic insularity and warming, air conditioning infrigidation and warming system efficiency, utilizing energy-saving engineering technique equipment, beef uping the operation and direction of energy systems, In guaranting the quality of the indoor thermic environment, cut downing energy ingestion of heat, air conditioning and warming, illuming.
Office edifice energy-saving focused on the energy is the cost of electricity and make a batch of heat ( cold ) to accomplish the environmental demands of modern edifices. Intelligence engineering Information engineering as the chief engineering can efficaciously heighten the ‘office constructing energy-saving ‘ engineering degree of the consequence of office edifice energy-saving abroad, provides a new disclosure for the building industry to accomplish higher energy efficiency mark. Therefore, Intelligent Technology needs to Support engineering development in building undertakings which reflect to characteristics of modern engineering. Office Building energy-saving has been bit by bit applied in recent twelvemonth
Using intelligent engineering for optimisation of constructing energy systems integrating design, edifice of strong and weak electrical equipment, . Energy ingestion, forces inputs and operational costs greatly reduced through the development of incorporate optimisation, salvaging investing to run into the building side and the demands of energy salvaging [ 10 ] .
In this undertaking, electricity use in the office without control causation over electricity ingestion. The sum energy used in a edifice depends on the type of device used. Thus the of import measure with insulating the factors affect energy used [ 1 ] . Install energy salvaging equipment can minimise the energy use in the office. Installation with better devices such as daylight sensor, electronic ballast, low-emission glass and clip switch will cut down electric ingestion yearly.
.
Aim
To minimise energy use in a two narrative office edifice by utilizing energy salvaging device.
To imitate the electricity ingestion of an office edifice utilizing e-Quest package.
To do comparings between of electricity ingestion utilizing energy salvaging devices and standard device.
Scope OF THE PROJECT
The range of the undertaking is minimising energy use in the office by utilizing energy salvaging device. This undertaking is to cut down power ingestion. Power ingestion refers to electrical energy over clip that must be supplied to electrical devices in order to keep its operation. Reducing power ingestion by cutting out any power or energy in the electrical devices used to keep its operation without any intervention. By cut downing power ingestion, the office can salvage more in cost. Decrease of cost and power ingestion can be implemented in a similar mode. Other than that, cost can be saved on the monthly electricity measure.
THESIS OVERVIEW
This thesis consists of five chapters which each chapter discusses the inside informations of the peculiar subject.
Chapter 1
In this chapter, discourse the debut of energy efficiency in office edifices
Chapter 2
In this chapter, literature reappraisal and equipment utilizing this undertaking to cut down power ingestion
Chapter 3
In this chapter, measure to get down this undertaking and step utilizing e-quest package
Chapter 4
In this chapter, discuss the consequences simulation obtained together with treatment of the consequences about of this undertaking. The comparing was made between the office before betterment and after betterment.
Chapter 5
In this chapter, concludes the overall undertaking that has been done upon the consequence obtained
Chapter 6
In this chapter, make future recommendation to better this undertaking
Chapter 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
Introduction
The chief construct for of this undertaking Minimizing Energy Usage in the Office is to cut down electric ingestion in the office. By utilizing energy salvaging device power ingestion can be cut down and fiscal monthly office can salvage more cost. Beside that cut downing power ingestion can salvage pollution in the universe. Environmental pollution causes of removal stuff or energy into H2O, land or air. Excessive electricity use causes power works should bring forth a batch of electricity to run into demand. Therefore a batch of pollution that occurs when electrical power is generated. Electric power workss that cause occurs pollution is hydro, steam and coal power workss.
Energy salvaging device can cut down power ingestion and it besides suited construct to be energy safer, more efficient and more dependable. Better device energy salvaging utilizing this undertaking is:
Daylight sensor
Electronic ballast
Low-emission glass
Time switch
Daylight sensor
Lighting in office particularly in working countries is capable to ordinances prescribed by ‘Suruhanjaya Tenaga ‘ such as it needs a adequate luminosity degree which depend on the type device in the office. Power ingestion can be reduced by utilizing energy efficient equipment such as daylight sensor [ 12 ] .
By utilizing daylight sensor it used natural sunshine. During switch illuming ON it will be in automatic manner [ 10 ] . The system will run depend on sunshine. When twenty-four hours the detector detect sunlight automatic switch OFF. By utilizing natural sunlight power ingestion can be reduced. Figure 2.1 show circuit KNX illuming control to daylight sensor.
The device is from Schneider electric named KNX. The KNX-System is solutions for illuming control with regard to energy nest eggs and cut downing cost [ 13 ] . In clip controlled switch ( ON / OFF ) of illuming in temporarily used in office defined tenancy times up to 10 % energy nest eggs.
Time control can utilize as clip switches and it can incorporate a timer map of the touch panels. In a KNX installing the clip controlled shift and dimming of any lighting can be realized without extra wiring to put in. Using automatic daytime sensing in office and in temporarily used suites up to 20 % energy nest eggs. Switch overing illuming ON and OFF or directing values can besides be controlled in combination to ambient light degrees.
Uniting clip control with daylight sensing allows can be a guaranteed basic light for chiseled periods. Different illuming control scenarios harmonizing to the conditions on a twenty-four hours such as sunlight dependent shift of the lighting for short periods at comparatively low degrees at certain times or higher visible radiation degrees for longer periods, for illustration, during peak times. Additionally, increased the life clip of the lamps can be increased by diping down to a basic brightness alternatively of exchanging OFF wholly during active periods [ 14 ] .
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Figure 2.1: KNX Lighting Control To Daylight Detector
Electronic Ballast
In recent old ages, user of incandescent lamps has been replaced to fluorescent lamps, particularly in commercial infinites and industrial. However, fluorescent lamps require ballasts to supply the necessary high electromotive force for get downing the lamps and for modulating lamp current during operation [ 15 ] . Ballasts have been two categorised types such as electromagnetic ballasts and electronic ballasts
Electronic ballasts are a one device energy salvaging have some advantage like absence of spark, light weight, high efficiency and hearable noise as compared to electromagnetic ballast [ 3 ] . By utilizing electronic ballast energy efficiency will increase and power ingestion will cut down [ 8 ] . Electronic ballast is one of the simplest and most cost effectual suitable used fluorescent in office. With used electronic ballast power ingestion can be reduces without cut downing end product visible radiation. Before office betterment used choking coil ballast. Figure 2.2 shows betterments from choking coil ballast to electronic ballast. In circuit fluorescent lamp utilizing choke ballast it should lamp starting motor. Electronic ballast can cut down power ingestion with improved lamp power factor and efficiency. For utilizing electronic ballast non necessitate to alter and rewiring in office [ 2 ] .
Degree centigrades: UsersjohnDownloadschoke ballast to electronic ballast.jpg
Figure 2.2: Improvement from Choke Ballast to Electronic Ballast
Low-Emission Glass
Low-E glass is bettering the insulating value of the window to barricade sunshine through in edifice. A thin coating based on Sn oxide is deposited on the glass and either Ag. This surfacing sends to see the visible radiation, but reflects longer wavelength infrared light associated with radiating heat emitted by all warm objects. By reflecting this radiating heat back into the edifice and the coating reduces heat loss from the edifice. [ 16 ]
Low-emission glass is a type of window used in the office. Its usage allows sunshine to go through through the glass into the edifice and maintain chilling in office [ 4 ] . Before this office used to tinct in the window it can let heat from outside through the window and many heat go forthing from the office. This causes a batch electric ingestion utilizing an office to maintain chilling. With low-emission glass temperatures can stable and air conditioner can put energy salvaging manner. Figure 2.3 shows how low-e glass work.
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Figure 2.3: Low-E Glass Work
Time Switch
Controling burden clip switch in a system to better its map by cut downing power ingestion. Circuit it is possible to make up one’s mind when the sunshine detected lighting will be switched OFF in an office based on the working hours based on the daylight degree. Programing the control in clip switch of electric tonss harmonizing to the demands of each application obtains mensurable advantages in footings of decrease of power wastage and comfort. The scope of clip switches includes several versions that guarantee the shutting and gap of electrical burden circuits harmonizing to a scheduled plan [ 17 ] .
Time switch as Figure 2.4 is a device energy economy by cut downing light clip of usage through preprogrammed programming. It ‘s a simple device designed to command a several illuming zone. This undertaking used clip control to cut down power ingestion in the office. The clip control will exchange on during office hours after than that switch will murder.
hypertext transfer protocol: //image.made-in-china.com/2f0j00tvZTBguIJbhV/Time-Switch-TB35B-.jpg
Figure 2.4: Time Switch over
Chapter 3
Methodology
Introduction
This research undertaking “ Minimizing Energy Usage in Office ” is application of cut downing power ingestion utilizing energy salvaging devices. The first measure to get down this undertaking is analyzing the construct and operation about energy salvaging device usage in office such as daylight sensor, electronic ballast, low-emission glass and clip switch. The following measure is to analyze and understand the construct to cut down power ingestion of energy usage so that it can get the necessary cognition before using and utilizing devices in this research.
In this undertaking to compare power ingestion in office before and after betterment is utilizing e-Quest package to imitate energy in the edifice. e-Quest is a package constructing analysis to plan constructing professional. It ‘s designed to let perform detailed to compare analysis edifice design. Overall edifice analysis a system to plan a originative procedure of incorporating the public presentation of the interacting system such as lighting and HVAC [ 7 ] . By utilizing e-Quest version of DOE-2 it can be combined an energy efficiency step ( EEM ) ace, constructing creative activity ace and graphical study with simulation “ engine ” .
Then, to finish the acquisition this undertaking by using the rule and application of the device. Obtain consequence such as the consequence of power ingestion of energy usage and analyze. Figure 3.1 shows the general flow of the undertaking. The intent of this methodological analysis is to guarantee the development of this undertaking is expeditiously completed.
Figure 3.1: Flow Chat
Simulation
e-Quest is designed to make a edifice public presentation to analysis professional edifices. Whole edifice analysis recognizes that a edifice is a system of systems and that energy antiphonal design is a originative procedure of incorporating the public presentation of interacting systems such as envelope, DHW, fenestration and illuming HVAC. Therefore, any analysis of the public presentation effects of these edifice systems must see the interactions between them in a mode that is both comprehensive and low-cost such as simulation runtime, theoretical account readying clip, consequences describing and consequences trouble-shooting clip.
There are two chief parts to e-Quest: –
The Wizards ( both for edifice creative activity and EEM analysis )
The Detailed Interface ( including Results Reporting ) .
3.2.1 Aces ( both for edifice creative activity and EEM analysis )
e-Quest Aces are to rush up and simplify the procedure of fixing edifice theoretical accounts for simulation analysis. Uniting Wizards limited input user with intelligent dynamic defaults, e-Quest Aces can be used either to carry on conventional such as preliminary showing analysis or to rush up the readying of more elaborate about theoretical accounts to be used for more elaborate analysis. Presently, e-Quest comes with three Aces the Design Development Wizard ( ‘DD Wizard ‘ ) , the Energy Efficiency Measures Wizard ( ‘EEM Wizard ‘ ) and the Schematic Design Wizard ( ‘SD Wizard ‘ ) . The DD Wizard and SD Wizard are used to make edifice theoretical accounts. To measure edifice design options is the EEM Wizard.
3.2.2 Detailed Interface
e-Quest Detailed Interface is a Windows-based on the interface to the DOE-2.2 simulation ‘engine ‘ . The most widely recognized used and trusted edifice simulation tool available for today. Compared with the Aces, it will be trusting on the Aces to rapidly fix a ‘rough ‘ theoretical account of the edifice.
OFFICE DESIGN
This undertaking design office edifice utilizing e-Quest package. For equipment are set before and after bettering and imitate utilizing e-Quest. Type of edifice is a two narrative office edifice.Location for conditions set at province California in Los Angeles metropolis because usage selected informations in e-Quest package. In this undertaking non utilize informations whether in Malaysia because non hold selected informations for Malaysia in e-Quest. Entire Area office edifice on the first floor and 2nd floor is 916. In three dimensions with high 9 ft office floor to ceiling the entire volume is 4122 And with 12 ft office floor to floor the entire volume is 5496 Table 1 Shows country in the office.
Using Microsoft office Visio is designed layout office on top position. Figure 3.2 shows Office layout land floor and figure 3.3 Office layout top floor. Office layout calculates every port country in per centum such as in table 1 and so Key in per cent country into e-Quest package.
3.3.1 Office Layout on Top View
Figure 3.2: Office Layout Ground Floor
Figure 3.3: Office Layout Top Floor
No.
Type country
Area
ft2
Percentage
Area %
1
Office ( executive/private )
417.44
45.57
2
Corridor
241.87
26.40
3
Lobby ( office reception/waiting )
48.20
26.36
4
Public toilets
74.80
8.16
5
Conference room
48.20
5.26
6
Mechanical/electrical room
37.40
4.08
7
Transcript room ( run offing equipment )
48.20
5.26
Sum
916.11
100.00
Table 3.1: Percent Area Office Before and After Improvement
Before office betterment equipment in office criterion device. For window utilizing glass type individual grey 1/8in ( 1204 ) and fluorescent lamp usage choke ballast.
After office betterment equipment in office usage energy salvaging device. For window utilizing glass type dual low-e glass ( e2=.1 ) , 1/8in, 1/2in Ar ( 2632 ) and fluorescent lamp usage hiPres Na: lowboy: Hi/low ballast ( full: 26 % of power ) . To command the operation of illuming install daylight sensor and clip switch. Daylight detectors the system will run depend on sunshine. When twenty-four hours the detector detect sunlight automatic switch OFF. Using Time Switch can command the operation of illuming during a twenty-four hours. The clip switch can put light switch will ON from 7.00am until 7.00pm. Beside that to barricade sunshine through into office are installed shadowing. Figure 3.4 shows design office before and after bettering.
3.3.2 Three Deminsion Of Office
Before Installation
Shadowing
After Installation
Figure 3.4: Installation of Office Design
SIMULATION E-QUEST
General Information
Figure 3.5: general information for office before betterment
Figure 3.6: General information for office after betterment
First, the design office layout on top position utilizing Microsoft office Visio. For information informations in design office layout it key in into e-Quest package. The edifice that has been used in this undertaking is a two narrative office edifice. A size country in office for land floor is 458 And the country top floor is 458. The entire country in office is 916.
Type of the air-conditioner that has been used in office is chilled H2O spirals. Chilled H2O has been a primary medium for the transportation of heat from office edifice spirals in the infrigidation system since the beginning of air outing, warming, and air-conditioning design [ 18 ] . Besides that, to cut down power ingestion of illuming office has been installed daylight sensor after office betterment. Using the daytime sensor, visible radiation will automatically exchange OFF when detector detects sunlight.
Building Footprint
Figure 3.7: Building footmark for office before and after betterment
Figure 3.7 shows informations edifice footmark for office before and after betterment is same. For footprint form office design is a rectangle. The width offices are 21.40 and the length 21.4. The floor height office from floor to floor was 12 and the floor height office from floor to ceiling was 9.0.
Building Envelope Construction
Figure 3.8: Building Envelope Construction for office before and after betterment
Figure 3.8 shows informations constructing Envelope Construction for office before and after betterment are same informations input. For roof surface the contraction used 8 inch concrete and above class walls used 12 inch HW concrete. Beside land floor the building used 8 inch concrete.
Constructing Interior Constructions
Figure 3.9: Building Interior Constructions for office before and after betterment
Figure 3.9 shows informations edifice Interior Constructions for office before and after betterment are same informations input. Ceiling in office usage type lay-in acoustic tile.
Exterior Doors
Figure 3.10: Exterior Doors for office before and after betterment
Figure 3.10 shows informations exterior doors for office before and after betterment is same informations input. Type of door before and after betterment is opaque one door at way North and one at South. The dimension of door is 7 foot tallness and 3 foot breadth. The building of door is steel hollow nucleus w/o Brk.
Exterior Windows
Figure 3.11: Exterior Windowss for office before betterment
Figure 3.12: Exterior Windowss for office after betterment
Office before betterment used window glass class to individual clear tinted and the glass type is individual grey 1/8 inch and so the frame aluminium type with width 1.3 inch. After office betterment used window glass class dual low-e and the glass type are dual low-e ( e2= . 10 ) shade 1/8 inch, 1/2 inch Ar and so the frame aluminium type with width 1.3 inch. The place window at way of North.
Exterior Window Shades and Blinds
Figure 3.13: Exterior Window Shades and Blinds for office
Before betterment
Figure 3.14: Exterior Window Shades and Blinds for office after betterment
Figure 3.13 and 3.14 show exterior window sunglassess and blinds for office before and after betterment. Before office betterment non used any window shading. After office betterment used shadowing window at way North with width 2 foot.
Roof Skylight
Figure 3.16: Roof fanlight for office before and after betterment
Land Floor Daylight Zoning
Figure 3.16: Land floor daylight districting for office after betterment
Top Floor Daylight Zoning
Figure 3.17: Top floor daylight districting for office after betterment
Figure 3.16 and figure 3.17 shows land and Top floor daylight districting for office before and after the betterment. The illuming degree of 50 foot-candles might be chosen as a work environment which involved office. If the visible radiation is lower than 50 foot-candles, visible radiation controlled will be on until 70 % of entire visible radiation. Lighting control method by exposure detector with detector Hi/low ballast ( full: 26 % of power ) .
Activity Areas Allocation
Figure 3.18: Activity countries allotment for office before and after betterment
Figure 3.18 shows data activity country allotment for office before and after betterment is same input informations. The highest per centum in office is 45.57 % which used Office executive and private. Second highest per centum in office is 26.40 % used Corridor. Third highest per centum in office is 26.36 % used Lobby office response and waiting. The remainder has been used by Restrooms 8.16 % , Conference room and Copy room ( run offing equipment ) 5.26 % and Mechanical/electrical room 4.08 %
Occupied Load by Activity Area
Figure 3.19: Occupied Load by Activity Area for Office Before and After Improvement.
Unoccupied Load by Activity Area
Figure 3.20: Unoccupied Load by Activity Area for Office Before and After Improvement.
3.3.14 Main Schedule Information
Figure 3.21: Main Schedule Information for office before and after betterment
Figure 3.21 shows informations chief agenda information for office before and after betterment is same informations input. Monday until Friday have a power ingestion agenda. Saturday, Sunday and public vacation no power ingestion has been estimated.
3.4.15 HVAC System Definition
Figure 3.22: HVAC system definition for office before and after betterment
Figure 3.22 shows the informations HVAC system definition for office before and after betterment is same informations input. HVAC system type used chilling beginning was chilled H2O spirals. The system type is standard VAV.
3.4.16 HVAC Zone Temperature and Air Flows
Figure 3.23: HVAC zone temperature and air flows for office before and after betterment
Thermostat has been set point for chilling from 76.0 A°F until 82.0 A°F and put point heating from 70 A°F until 64.0 A°F. Design temperatures used chilling design temp for indoor 75 A°F and 55A°F supply. For air flows used minimal design flow is 0.5 cfm/ and VAV lower limit flow is 40 % .
3.4.17 HVAC System Fans
Figure 3.24: HVAC System fans for office before and after betterment
Figure 3.24 shows HVAC zone temperature and air flows for office before and after betterment is same informations input. Supply fans used power up to 3.5 inch. WG per fan and return fans around 1.17 inch.WG.
3.4.18 HVAC System Fans Schedules
Figure 3.25: HVAC system fans agendas for office before betterment
Figure 3.26: HVAC system fans agendas for office after betterment
Before office betterment the operation HVAC signifier Monday until Friday 24hour from 1am to 11.59 autopsy. After office betterment the operation HVAC signifier Monday until Friday 12hour from 7am to 7pm. On Saturday, Sunday and public vacation no power ingestion agendas before and after office betterment.
3.4.19 HVAC zones heating blowhole and economisers
Figure 3.27: HVAC zones heating blowhole and economisers for office before betterment
Figure 3.28: HVAC zones heating blowhole and economisers for office after betterment
Before office betterment non used any economiser. After office betterment that used HVAC economiser with Dry bulb temperature type.
3.4.20 HVAC System Hot/Cold Deck Resets
Figure 3.29: HVAC system hot/cold deck resets for office before and after betterment
Figure 3.29 shows informations HVAC system hot/cold deck resets for office before and after betterment is same informations input. Cold deck reset used outside air reset type. The outside temperature from 80 A°F to 60 A°F. The supply zone temperature signifier 55 A°F to 65A°F.
3.4.21 Cooling Primary Equipment
Figure 3.30: Cooling primary equipment for office before and after betterment
Figure 3.30 shows informations chilling primary equipment for office before and after betterment is same informations input. For chilled H2O system used individual system pumps for pump constellation. Second chilled used electric reciprocating hermetic hair-raiser type.
Water Side HVAC
Figure 3.31: chilling H2O side HVDC
Water side HVAC systems have been recognized as one of the most sustainable HVAC systems. The H2O side HVAC is compatible with H2O cringle systems closed and unfastened [ 20 ] . Figure 3.31 shows chilling H2O side HVDC. The hot gas refrigerant is condensed by H2O flow over the capacitor and tubing evaporating. This ties the condensation temperature to ambient wet bulb such as water-cooled hair-raiser. The pump, capacitor and H2O sump are all built-in to the hair-raiser. Beside that a H2O cooled hair-raiser will necessitate a field erected piping, chilling tower and capacitor pump. Evaporative cooled hair-raisers offer the economy and easiness of air-cooled hair-raiser to put in while supplying public presentation same degree to H2O hair-raisers cooled. Evaporative cooled hair-raisers will necessitate drain, H2O intervention and make-up H2O.
Air Side HVAC
Figure 3.32: Air Side HVAC
Air side HVAC has been the pick for system interior decorators who are focused on low cost and simpleness. A system based on an air side HVAC normally is less expensive to easier install to keep than other types such as H2O cooled systems. Beside that, the advantages typically have come to utilize low efficiency [ 21 ] . Figure 3.32 shows air side HVAC. The H2O chilled supply temperature is needed to provide air temperature. The H2O chilled temperature should be cold plenty to supply a suited temperature difference for a chilling spiral to be selected. The resulted in a 10 A°F attack which to deduct from 55 A°F supply air temperature has until 44 A°F or 45 A°F H2O chilled temperature.
Chilled Water System Control and Schedule
Figure 3.31: chilled H2O system control and agenda for office before and after betterment
Chilled Water System Control and Schedule is set point fixed and temperatures at 44.0 A°F
Non-Residential Domestic Water Heating
Figure 3.32: Non-Residential domestic H2O heating for office before and after betterment
Chapter 4
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Introduction
This chapter will depict e-Quest package to happen the consequence in this undertaking. The aim of this undertaking successfully achieves will approved in the consequence. This chapter shows the consequence office before and after betterment utilizing energy salvaging device such as daylight sensor, electronic ballast, low-emission glass and clip switch to cut down power ingestion in the office. In this simulation execution utilizing e-Quest package to plan and imitate the SD ace. The consequence shows in an EEM ace plan in the e-Quest package.
4.2 OBJECTIVE OF SIMULATION
The simulation has been conducted to measure the public presentation of the office. The aims of this undertaking are:
To minimise the energy use in the office utilizing energy salvaging device such as daylight sensor, electronic ballast, low-emission glass and clip switch.
To cut down power ingestion which largely involves air conditioning and lighting
SIMULATION RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Figure 4.1: Monthly Electricity Consumption in Office before Improvement
Figure 4.2: Monthly Electricity Consumption in Office after Improvement
Figure 4.3: Monthly Per Cent Electric Consumption in Office Before Improvement
Figure 4.4: Monthly Per Cent Electric Consumption in Office after Improvement
Degree centigrades: UsersjohnDesktopwarna utk graf.jpg
electric ingestion ( kWh )
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Entire
Space Cool
43.5
41.1
46.6
65.7
110.2
98.9
229.9
257.7
199
123.2
60.8
55.8
1,332.40
Vent. Fans
35.6
32.2
35.6
37.4
38.6
34.1
44.2
44.2
41
37.4
32.2
35.6
448.2
Pumps & A ; Aux.
59.2
53.5
59.2
62
62
56.3
62
62
56.3
62
53.5
59.2
707.2
Misc. Equip.
226.1
204.5
226.1
230.9
233.3
216.5
233.3
233.3
216.5
233.3
209.3
226.1
2,689.40
Area Lights
215.4
194.8
215.4
223.8
224.5
205.4
224.5
224.5
205.4
224.5
196.3
215.4
2,569.90
Entire
579.8
526.1
582.9
619.9
668.6
611.3
794
821.7
718.3
680.4
552.1
592.1
7,747.20
Table 4.1: Consequence for office before Improvement
Electric Consumption ( kWh )
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Entire
Space Cool
26.2
24.6
27.1
39.5
73.7
62.9
152.1
185.6
136.5
74.4
40
36.2
878.90
Vent. Fans
17.1
15.4
17.1
18.1
19.2
16.3
24.8
26.1
26.2
18.0
15.4
17.1
230.80
Pumps & A ; Aux.
28.4
25.7
28.4
29.7
29.7
27.0
29.7
29.7
27.0
29.7
25.7
28.4
339.30
Misc. Equip.
226.1
204.5
226.1
230.9
233.3
216.5
233.3
233.3
216.5
233.3
209.3
226.1
2,689.40
Area Lights
172.8
143.5
144.3
131
122.6
115.3
118.5
123.3
128.1
161.6
153.8
181.2
1,696.10
Entire
470.6
413.8
442.9
449.2
478.6
438.1
558.5
598.1
534.5
517.1
444.3
489.0
5,834.70
Table 4.2: Consequence for office after Improvement
Figure 4.5: Electric Consumption Vs Month Before and After Improvement
Figure 4.1 and figure 4.2 shows the electricity ingestion in office based on 12 months. After simulation making e-quest monthly electric ingestion office after betterment in figure 4.2 is more improved than office before betterment in figure 4.1.
Initially in this office before betterment it does n’t utilize any energy salvaging device. For window merely use tinted to barricade sunshine through into the office but heat from exterior can through into the office and many heat go forthing from office [ 4 ] . It caused temperature in office addition and airing fan need more power so that office can maintain chilling. Figure 4.1 shows sums monthly of airing fans electric ingestion in office before betterment is 449.4 kWh instead than entire monthly electric ingestion in office after is 223.8 kWh as show in a figure 4.2. After betterment in the office by utilizing low-emission glass power ingestion is reduced. Furthermore install shadowing devices in an office edifice it of import energy efficient constructing design. It can assist cut down heat from outside through in edifice [ 9 ] .
Besides that visible radiation besides used much power ingestion in the office. In Malaysia, in 2006 lighting used around 19 % power ingestion at public edifice and commercial [ 6 ] . Before the betterment fluorescent lamp used choking coil ballast and light switch non command ever ON 24 hours. Figure 4.1 shows monthly of country illuming electric ingestion in office before betterment used lighting is 2764.8 kWh and figure 3.2 shows monthly of country illuming electric ingestion in office after betterment is 1556.1 kWh. After install electronic ballast, daylight sensor and clip control much power ingestion in office cut down. For clip switch set for the light switch ON a twenty-four hours from 7am-7pm and exchange OFF during dark.
Furthermore, figure 4.3 show misc. Equipment was higher per centum monthly electric ingestion in office before and after betterment because it ‘s non making anything betterment by utilizing energy salvaging device.
Figure 4.5 shows the entire difference in monthly electric ingestion in office before and after betterment harmonizing to months. The entire difference one-year for electric ingestion between before betterment and after betterment office is 7220.3 kWh.
Chapter 5
Decision
In this undertaking, the chief aim is to minimise energy use in a two narrative office edifice by utilizing energy salvaging device. The undertaking was successful. After installing energy salvaging device electric ingestion has been cut down table 4.1 and 4.2 shows the monthly consequence electric ingestion for office before and after the betterment. Simulate electricity ingestion of an office edifice utilizing e-Quest package electric ingestion has been reduced Figure 4.1 and 4.2 shows monthly electric ingestion in office before and after Improvement utilizing e-Quest package. Comparison between of electricity ingestion utilizing energy salvaging devices and standard device shown in Figure 4.5 utilizing e-Quest package. Besides that, the benefit of energy salvaging devices in term of minimising the operation cost and keeping. It is of import to cut down the use of electricity. Therefore, it will cut down the one-year or monthly disbursals for electricity measure.
Conserve energy and minimising energy use in the office utilizing energy salvaging device such as daylight sensor, electronic ballast, low-emission glass and clip switch is normally more economical and environmentally friendly. The bulk of the energy usage in this state to bring forth electricity comes from non-renewable beginnings such as natural gas, coal and crude oil. If non conserve energy and utilize it every bit expeditiously as possible, it can needlessly future coevalss of the fuels they will necessitate [ 19 ] .
Chapter 6
FUTURE RECOMMENDATION
In farther research work, the study needs to be in a larger range. The future recommendation for used energy salvaging device should be widely used: –
To heighten chances for Malaysia building industry to plan a green energy edifice so it can cut down power ingestion and cut down environmental pollution.
Increasing energy efficiency in industry, conveyance and commercial sectors and in authorities edifices
Ministry of Energy, Green Technology & A ; Water Malaysia should to developing a Maestro Plan for energy efficiency to speed up the development of energy efficiency in the 11th Malayan Plan and beyond
Mentions
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